Poppet valve for internal-combustion engines



Jan. 9, i923 1,441,450.

G. HI RECH. FUIPU VALVE Hm INEHNfaL CQMBUSHUN ENGINES. man 01:1". ilai922 4 p E ,MMS PATENT FFECE.

GEORGE B.. RICH, OF LOS AGELES, CALIFORNIA.

POPPET VALVE FOR INTERNAL- COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Application fated October 18, 1922. Serial No. 595.289.

l@ it known thut l, lrzouur: ll. ilu-n, u ritizvn ol' tho lluitirlStatus. :nul n rvsiihut oll lios Angelus. Los Anm-los touuty. :zml Slutvof ('nliforuin. hun' iurontotl rox-tuin now :zuil usc-lul Inon'orullwutsin loppi't Yuh'vs l'or lutvrnul-(`o1nlustion llnginvs. of whichllnfollowing'A is ilvrlurril to hu u I'ull1 clear. um] umn-tVlc-srriptiou..

This invention rclutt's lo poppot rulrvs for intorno! rornhustionrnginos. :nul its prin- L-,ipnl ohjurt is to inirozisv tho vllirit-nryof znoilcrntvly low prirwl volvi-s ul' this typo. Tlv.: ordinary forgedonhnnlnuroil stvvl or eroine-nirkvl-storl vulves1 whih` rouipzlrntivelyiuuxpl-nsiru as roiupnrril with `higflur grulns oll vulves` lo notuithbhuul the. high temperatures ill-.rolopml in internal roinhustionouginvs. the. hot gansos www away the tops nucl hottoiusl of thvl volvi'lninls in n short spul-r of tinu` mul the hviiils wurp` with llw rt'sultthat. ul'trr th(l \'u|\ls-lut\u hrm uslcl l'or u. short, spurt'. oftion'. thvy lo not .sont prolmrly, tln'lihy ullowin; r thx,l ro|nhostihlu gnsvs lo luuk post thu rnlrvs. which rvsults in poorrolnpl'tssion und loss of.'

powir.

i'iiony grozltrtl'orts hure horn uuulr to oyoloonu this nlillii'ulty,lult whvu Llul rouipiis'rtion olt the rulvo is iniprorlil. its rosl',i.= 'nwronswl inulciug'ils osu prohihitivtl in tin; rin-opor or lowvrprii-Lil :lutolnollilo motors. (hw ol Ilnohjorts ol' this iurontion islorr.- ilui'u l lul vost olA umnul'nrlurtol' poppvt rnlvus :unl :il ilu`Asoun tim(l to heug'xln-n thvir lil'o olI |ir-'rl'ulnvssA 1Yith thtsrnuls in vii-w. thisI inrvnlion ponsists in n poppvl' vulve l'or iutvrnulvoui` hustion vngiuvs. in whit-h thu lop :nul hottoui l'au'rs ol'immun-rml rnlru-hoinls nro lcl'l; in lhrir noi-unil or nnlurulvonilitiou. :ll'trr hl:- in#r formi-1|. inshnll ol living nuufhiululnwny, llurrh); |n'oriiling`r n innuuurtul. non-porous protrriw raising'or vorming For thil mor(` porousl ninlrrlriln: :nul iutvrior portions oltinl hruil. :unl lhvrrlrr prottrtixn: thorn*4 i|l lrrunl portions uwriust llu` ihslriutire rf- I'wts ot' tho hoi ,rusos passing orvr-thoni.lln inrvutiou furllwr vousists iu lluI .suvrrul norol Tunturi-slivrviuul'tvr fully srt, l'orth zuil rlniunil.

'l`lw inroruiou is rhu-rly illustrnhil in tho nrwuopnoyingr ilrnwiugr.iu whirh:

is :ru cull Yivw thortof looking in the dirrttiou of tho url'ow 2 inFig. 1; Fig. 3 is :in euml vivw looking iu tho dirvi-tion of tho :li-rowIl iii l"i .:sinil Fig. 4 is n frnguluutnl. ventral, longitudinalsertion token on the lilul-l of Fig. l.

[iufm-ring to suitl drawing. the rofl-rence c-hnrmtur :i lhsiguntos ni'uirc stenruml thv lnzul of n puppet vulrc culhoilying ono forni of theprrstnt invention.' TheI stem :unl lusul nrc forxurrl of n singlry pvreof mutui .sut-h us sttvL for institut-o. cronienin-lwI-sh'vl. 'lho hvzulis of the iisunl disk llcv form :nul its seating furie. T is hvvehll :isusuali, to sont upon the volvo sont; of the motor hlm-k. 'l`lu- Iowt-rund of tho rulrc stom muy he formell with un nprrturc h to rui-vivo nrotti-.r pin, or it only ou formell with nu unnulur rIrl-novia t) toreceive :i washer, vithvr heini: used for the purpose of retaining thevusual vulve Spring, us is well 1111 lerstood.

ln construi-tin;4 :i vulve embodying the n'rscnt inrvution` u. steel rodof the proper ngth is hunted to the proper temperature :nul om` vndtlwreof is upset to form an enlurtrniunt nt that und und afterwards therml is 4rvhontvil und thvl enlarged end is phn'ctl in a power hammercontaining suitfuhlv nlvs for forming the head, und the; enhr1-goilportion is than hummered'on't/'to l'orlu thv disk like head (i of thedesired thiclun'ss for th. finsht'ul rulve.

Tho rolijv hvml is hnnnnred until the telnpcrnturo of 4thu pieve hnsfullen to n pointI whru il' no lougur retains its plastic stutv.wht-roby [lu: top und hottoln surl'nro portions '.ol' lhv hvzul houomossmooth und of renter lions-ily llnm the internal portion. 'lopzunlholtoiu smooth unbroken surfaces n ro therelrv proriiloll in which theporos ol' the motul are przuflirully rlosvd unil no approvi-ohio srnh isformell.

'llu odge ot' thv ln-znl, nucl the untire sloin :irtl tlurezlftermachined to form the hurolel honrin, Y foce i' and the round stom. .lhotop face l() nml tho bottom faire 1l of the liv-.nl urkl not luovhinell.lult those parts :ire loft in thvir unturnl or norniul smooth, unhrokvu.non-porous condition which -is imparted to thru) hy tho lm uuicr. Thesesurfzuvs ure` illustrntvll`lrr tlul right lino .slnuliufj` in Figs. l.'i :nul Il of tinl ilrnwiug.

lhttop :unl hotloln foros ol' thel volvo hi-:ul living' iil't inlhviruorunll or uoturul smooth. uuhrolun` uon|n rous condition afterbeing subjected to the influence of the hummer, they effectively resistthe action of the hot gases in internal combustion engines and uct as aprotective agency against the more porous portions of the interior ofthe head, which, if exposed to the direct influence of the hot gases,are soon enten away, whereby the head becomes thinned out und warps,thereby seating imperfectly upon the valve seat und permittiner thegases to leak hy the valve.

In the ordinary practice of making vulves, enough metal is provided tot'orm -u vulve hlnnli whose dimensions are somewhat greater than thoseof the finished vulve, und ull of the fares of the vulve blank aremachined to produce a valve of given dimensions. When the top und bottomfaces ot' the vulve head are machined, the denser portions :1re machinedaway :1nd the more, porous portions of the metal ure exposed to thedestructive influence of the hot fases and are liable to rapiddeterioration. i'lorcover, there is a great deal of metall Wasted inmachinimf down the entire, vulve. In actual practice have found thatwith valves made of substantially the size of the one shown in thedrawing, seven vulves can be made from the same amount ol stock as sixvalves could formerly he made when they were machined all over. Thismenus a great saving of material and consequently n great reduction inthe cost of manufacture. Moreover, when the top und bottom feces of thevalve. head are protected against the destructive infiuenee of the hotases, the life of the valve is increased, materially, and when it doesbecome worn out and u new one must he -substituted for it, this may hedone economically because of the low 40 price for which valvescontaining the present invention ma)7 be had.

More or less variation of the exact details of construction is possiblewithout departing from the spirit of this invention; I desire,therefore, not to limit myself to the exact form of thoconstructionshown and described, but intend, in the following claim, to point outall of the invention disclosed herein.

I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

As a new article of manufacture, a puppet valve for internal combustionengines, .comprisinv. un unhammered steel stem and a disk-lille headhammered from a. single piero oi material, the hammered disk-bke headbeing of greater density than the stem sind head having hammeredunmachinerl to und bottom surface portions which are reiiitively hardand nonl porous with re-V spect to the internal portion, thereof,- andIsmooth und unbroken, and which surfaces Forni protective coverings forthe interna-l relatively porous portion during exposure i5 of the valveto hot gases.

GEORGE R. RICH.

